@article {98, title = {SDR, EVC, and SDREVC: Limitations and Extensions}, journal = {Journal of Plasma Physics}, volume = {89}, year = {2023}, pages = {955890501}, doi = {10.1017/S0022377823001022}, author = {Hunter, E.D. and Amsler, C. and Breuker, H. and Bumbar, M. and Chesnevskaya, S. and Costantini, G. and Ferragut, R. and Giammarchi, M. and Gligorova, A. and Gosta, G. and Higaki, H. and Killian, C. and Kraxberger, V. and Kuroda, N. and Lanz, A. and Leali, M. and Maero, G. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Matsuda, Y. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Migliorati, S. and Murtagh, D.J. and Nanda, A. and Nowak, L. and Parnefjord Gustafsson, F. and Rheinfrank, S. and Rom{\'e}, M. and Simon, M.C. and Tajima, M. and Toso, V. and Ulmer, S. and Ventrurelli, L. and Weiser, A. and Widmann, E. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J. and The ASACUSA-Cusp Collaboration} } @article {99, title = {Slow positron production and storage for the ASACUSA-Cusp experiment}, journal = {Journal of Plasma Physics}, volume = {89}, year = {2023}, pages = {905890608}, doi = {10.1017/S0022377823001034}, author = {Murtagh, D.J. and Amsler, C. and Breuker, H. and Bumbar, M. and Chesnevskaya, S. and Costantini, G. and Ferragut, R. and Giammarchi, M. and Gligorova, A. and Gosta, G. and Higaki, H. and Hunter, E.D. and Killian, C. and Kraxberger, V. and Kuroda, N. and Lanz, A. and Leali, M. and Maero, G. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Matsuda, Y. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Migliorati, S. and Nanda, A. and Nowak, L. and Parnefjord Gustafsson, F. and Rheinfrank, S. and Rom{\'e}, M. and Simon, M.C. and Tajima, M. and Toso, V. and Ulmer, S. and Venturelli, L. and Weiser, A. and Widmann, E. and Wolz, T. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J.} } @article {97, title = {Minimizing plasma temperature for antimatter mixing experiments}, journal = {EPJ Web Conf.}, volume = {262}, year = {2022}, pages = {01007}, doi = {10.1051/epjconf/202226201007}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226201007}, author = {Hunter, E.D. and Amsler, C. and Breuker, H. and Chesnevskaya, S. and Costantini, G. and Ferragut, R. and Giammarchi, M. and Gligorova, A. and Gosta, G. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Killian, C. and Kletzl, V. and Kraxberger, V. and Kuroda, N. and Lanz, A. and Leali, M. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Maero, G. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Matsuda, Y. and Migliorati, S. and Murtagh, D.J. and Nagata, Y. and Nanda, A. and Nowak, L. and Pasino, E. and Rom{\'e}, M. and Simon, M.C. and Tajima, M. and Toso, V. and Ulmer, S. and Uggerh\oj, U. and Venturelli, L. and Weiser, A. and Widmann, E. and Wolz, T. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J. and (The ASACUSA-Cusp Collaboration)} } @article {95, title = {Reducing the background temperature for cyclotron cooling in a cryogenic Penning{\textendash}Malmberg trap}, journal = {Physics of Plasmas}, volume = {29}, year = {2022}, month = {08}, pages = {083303}, abstract = {Magnetized nonneutral plasma composed of electrons or positrons couples to the local microwave environment via cyclotron radiation. The equilibrium plasma temperature depends on the microwave energy density near the cyclotron frequency. Fine copper meshes and cryogenic microwave absorbing material were used to lower the effective temperature of the radiation environment in ASACUSA{\textquoteright}s Cusp trap, resulting in significantly reduced plasma temperature.}, issn = {1070-664X}, doi = {10.1063/5.0093360}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0093360}, author = {Amsler, C. and Breuker, H. and Chesnevskaya, S. and Costantini, G. and Ferragut, R. and Giammarchi, M. and Gligorova, A. and Gosta, G. and Higaki, H. and Hunter, E. D. and Killian, C. and Kletzl, V. and Kraxberger, V. and Kuroda, N. and Lanz, A. and Leali, M. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Maero, G. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Matsuda, Y. and Migliorati, S. and Murtagh, D. J. and Nagata, Y. and Nanda, A. and Nowak, L. and Pasino, E. and Rom{\'e}, M. and Simon, M. C. and Tajima, M. and Toso, V. and Ulmer, S. and Venturelli, L. and Weiser, A. and Widmann, E. and Wolz, T. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J.} } @article {94, title = {Measurement of the principal quantum number distribution in a beam of antihydrogen atoms}, volume = {75}, year = {2021}, month = {2021/03/08}, pages = {91}, abstract = {The ASACUSA (Atomic Spectroscopy And Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons) collaboration plans to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen in a beam at the CERN Antiproton Decelerator with initial relative precision of $$10^{-6}$$or better, to test the fundamental CPT (combination of charge conjugation, parity transformation and time reversal) symmetry between matter and antimatter. This challenging goal requires a polarised antihydrogen beam with a sufficient number of antihydrogen atoms in the ground state. The first measurement of the quantum state distribution of antihydrogen atoms in a low magnetic field environment of a few mT is described. Furthermore, the data-driven machine learning analysis to identify antihydrogen events is discussed.}, isbn = {1434-6079}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/s10053-021-00101-y}, author = {Kolbinger, B. and Amsler, C. and Cuendis, S. Arguedas and Breuker, H. and Capon, A. and Costantini, G. and Dupre, P. and Fleck, M. and Gligorova, A. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Kletzl, V. and Kuroda, N. and Lanz, A. and Leali, M. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Matsuda, Y. and Murtagh, D. J. and Nagata, Y. and Nanda, A. and Nowak, L. and Radics, B. and Sauerzopf, C. and Simon, M. C. and Tajima, M. and Torii, H. A. and Uggerh{\o}j, U. and Ulmer, S. and Venturelli, L. and Weiser, A. and Wiesinger, M. and Widmann, E. and Wolz, T. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J.} } @article {88, title = {The ASACUSA antihydrogen and hydrogen program: results and prospects}, journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences}, volume = {376}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The goal of the ASACUSA-CUSP collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN is to measure the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using an atomic spectroscopy beamline. A milestone was achieved in 2012 through the detection of 80 antihydrogen atoms 2.7 m away from their production region. This was the first observation of {\textquoteleft}cold{\textquoteright} antihydrogen in a magnetic field free region. In parallel to the progress on the antihydrogen production, the spectroscopy beamline was tested with a source of hydrogen. This led to a measurement at a relative precision of 2.7{\texttimes}10-9 which constitutes the most precise measurement of the hydrogen hyperfine splitting in a beam. Further measurements with an upgraded hydrogen apparatus are motivated by CPT and Lorentz violation tests in the framework of the Standard Model Extension. Unlike for hydrogen, the antihydrogen experiment is complicated by the difficulty of synthesizing enough cold antiatoms in the ground state. The first antihydrogen quantum states scan at the entrance of the spectroscopy apparatus was realized in 2016 and is presented here. The prospects for a ppm measurement are also discussed.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue {\textquoteleft}Antiproton physics in the ELENA era{\textquoteright}.}, issn = {1364-503X}, doi = {10.1098/rsta.2017.0273}, url = {http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2116/20170273}, author = {Malbrunot, C. and Amsler, C. and Arguedas Cuendis, S. and Breuker, H. and Dupre, P. and Fleck, M. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Kolbinger, B. and Kuroda, N. and Leali, M. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Matsuda, Y. and Nagata, Y. and Simon, M. C. and Spitzer, H. and Tajima, M. and Ulmer, S. and Venturelli, L. and Widmann, E. and Wiesinger, M. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J.} } @article {91, title = {Hyperfine spectroscopy of hydrogen and antihydrogen in ASACUSA}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, volume = {240}, year = {2018}, month = {Dec}, pages = {5}, abstract = {

The ASACUSA collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN aims at a precise measurement of the antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine structure as a test of the fundamental CPT symmetry. A beam of antihydrogen atoms is formed in a CUSP trap, undergoes Rabi-type spectroscopy and is detected downstream in a dedicated antihydrogen detector. In parallel measurements using a polarized hydrogen beam are being performed to commission the spectroscopy apparatus and to perform measurements of parameters of the Standard Model Extension (SME). The current status of antihydrogen spectroscopy is reviewed and progress of ASACUSA is presented.

}, issn = {1572-9540}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-018-1536-9}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-018-1536-9}, author = {Widmann, E. and Amsler, C. and Arguedas Cuendis, S. and Breuker, H. and Diermaier, M. and Dupre, P. and Evans, C. and Fleck, M. and Gligorova, A. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Kolbinger, B. and Kuroda, N. and Leali, M. and Leite, A. M. M. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Matsuda, Y. and Murtagh, D. J. and Nagata, Y. and Nanda, A. and Phan, D. and Sauerzopf, C. and Simon, M. C. and Tajima, M. and Spitzer, H. and Strube, M. and Ulmer, S. and Venturelli, L. and Wiesinger, M. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J.} } @article {93, title = {Recent Developments from ASACUSA on Antihydrogen Detection}, journal = {EPJ Web of Conferences}, volume = {181}, year = {2018}, pages = {01003}, doi = {10.1051/epjconf/201818101003}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818101003}, author = {Kolbinger, B. and Amsler, C. and Breuker, H. and Diermaier, M. and Dupre, P. and Fleck, M. and Gligorova, A. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Kobayashi, T. and Leali, M. and M{\"a}ckel, V. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Matsuda, Y. and Murtagh, D.J. and Nagata, Y. and Sauerzopf, C. and Simon, M.C. and Tajima, M. and Ulmer, S. and Kuroda, N. and Venturelli, L. and Widmann, E. and Yamazaki, Y. and Zmeskal, J.} } @article {78, title = {Antihydrogen synthesis in a double-CUSP trap towards test of the CPT-symmetry}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, volume = {237}, year = {2016}, pages = {156}, abstract = {

The aim of the ASACUSA-CUSP experiment at CERN is to produce a cold, polarised antihydrogen beam and perform a high precision measurement of the ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the antihydrogen atom and compare it with that of the hydrogen atom using the same spectroscopic beam line. Towards this goal a significant step was successfully accomplished: synthesised antihydrogen atoms have been produced in a CUSP magnetic configuration and detected at the end of our spectrometer beam line in 2012 [1]. During a long shut down at CERN the ASACUSA-CUSP experiment had been renewed by introducing a new double-CUSP magnetic configuration and a new semi-cylindrical tracking detector (AMT) [2], and by improving the transport feature of low energy antiproton beams. The new tracking detector monitors the antihydrogen synthesis during the mixing cycle of antiprotons and positrons. In this work the latest results and improvements of the antihydrogen synthesis will be presented including highlights from the last beam time.

}, issn = {1572-9540}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-016-1368-4}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-016-1368-4}, author = {Radics, B. and Ishikawa, S. and Kuroda, N. and Murtagh, D. J. and Nagata, Y. and Tajima, M. and Van Gorp, S. and Abo, Y. and Dupre, P. and Higashi, Y. and Kaga, C. and Leali, M. and Mascagna, V. and Venturelli, L. and Zurlo, N. and Breuker, H. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Rizzini, E. Lodi and Matsuda, Y. and Ulmer, S. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {80, title = {Towards measuring the ground state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen {\textendash} a progress report}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, volume = {237}, year = {2016}, month = {Jun}, pages = {103}, abstract = {We report the successful commissioning and testing of a dedicated field-ioniser chamber for measuring principal quantum number distributions in antihydrogen as part of the ASACUSA hyperfine spectroscopy apparatus. The new chamber is combined with a beam normalisation detector that consists of plastic scintillators and a retractable passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector.}, issn = {1572-9540}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-016-1309-2}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-016-1309-2}, author = {Sauerzopf, C. and Capon, A. A. and Diermaier, M. and Dupre, P. and Higashi, Y. and Kaga, C. and Kolbinger, B. and Leali, M. and Lehner, S. and Rizzini, E. Lodi and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Murtagh, D. J. and Nagata, Y. and Radics, B. and Simon, M. C. and Suzuki, K. and Tajima, M. and Ulmer, S. and Vamosi, S. and Gorp, S. van and Zmeskal, J. and Breuker, H. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Kuroda, N. and Matsuda, Y. and Venturelli, L. and Widmann, E. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {75, title = {The ASACUSA CUSP: an antihydrogen experiment}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, volume = {235}, year = {2015}, pages = {13{\textendash}20}, abstract = {In order to test CPT symmetry between antihydrogen and its counterpart hydrogen, the ASACUSA collaboration plans to perform high precision microwave spectroscopy of ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen atom in-flight. We have developed an apparatus ({\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}cusp trap{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}) which consists of a superconducting anti-Helmholtz coil and multiple ring electrodes. For the preparation of slow antiprotons and positrons, Penning-Malmberg type traps were utilized. The spectrometer line was positioned downstream of the cusp trap. At the end of the beamline, an antihydrogen beam detector was located, which comprises an inorganic Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) single-crystal scintillator housed in a vacuum duct and surrounding plastic scintillators. A significant fraction of antihydrogen atoms flowing out the cusp trap were detected.}, issn = {1572-9540}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-015-1205-1}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-015-1205-1}, author = {Kuroda, N. and Ulmer, S. and Murtagh, D. J. and Gorp, S. and Nagata, Y. and Diermaier, M. and Federmann, S. and Leali, M. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Michishio, K. and Mizutani, T. and Mohri, A. and Nagahama, H. and Ohtsuka, M. and Radics, B. and Sakurai, S. and Sauerzopf, C. and Suzuki, K. and Tajima, M. and Torii, H. A. and Venturelli, L. and W{\"u}nschek, B. and Zmeskal, J. and Zurlo, N. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Rizzini, E. Lodi and Nagashima, Y. and Matsuda, Y. and Widmann, E. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {56, title = {A source of antihydrogen for in-flight hyperfine spectroscopy}, journal = {Nat Commun}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, month = {21/01/2014}, abstract = {

Antihydrogen, a positron bound to an antiproton, is the simplest antiatom. Its counterpart{\textemdash}hydrogen{\textemdash}is one of the most precisely investigated and best understood systems in physics research. High-resolution comparisons of both systems provide sensitive tests of CPT symmetry, which is the most fundamental symmetry in the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. Any measured difference would point to CPT violation and thus to new physics. Here we report the development of an antihydrogen source using a cusp trap for in-flight spectroscopy. A total of 80 antihydrogen atoms are unambiguously detected 2.7 m downstream of the production region, where perturbing residual magnetic fields are small. This is a major step towards precision spectroscopy of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen using Rabi-like beam spectroscopy.

}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4089}, author = {Kuroda, N. and Ulmer, S. and Murtagh, D. J. and Van Gorp, S. and Nagata, Y. and Diermaier, M. and Federmann, S. and Leali, M. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Michishio, K. and Mizutani, T. and Mohri, A. and Nagahama, H. and Ohtsuka, M. and Radics, B. and Sakurai, S. and Sauerzopf, C. and Suzuki, K. and Tajima, M. and Torii, H. A. and Venturelli, L. and Wu{\textasciidieresis}nschek, B. and Zmeskal, J. and Zurlo, N. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Lodi Rizzini, E. and Nagashima, Y. and Matsuda, Y. and Widmann, E. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {66, title = {Towards a spin polarized antihydrogen beam}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, year = {2014}, pages = {1-10}, keywords = {Antihydrogen, Atomic beam, CPT invariance, Rydberg atom}, issn = {0304-3843}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-014-1016-9}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-014-1016-9}, author = {Kuroda, N. and Ulmer, S. and Murtagh, D.J. and Van Gorp, S. and Nagata, Y. and Diermaier, M. and Federmann, S. and Leali, M. and Malbrunot, C. and Mascagna, V. and Massiczek, O. and Michishio, K. and Mizutani, T. and Mohri, A. and Nagahama, H. and Ohtsuka, M. and Radics, B. and Sakurai, S. and Sauerzopf, C. and Suzuki, K. and Tajima, M. and Torii, H.A. and Venturelli, L. and W{\"u}nschek, B. and Zmeskal, J. and Zurlo, N. and Higaki, H. and Kanai, Y. and Lodi-Rizzini, E. and Nagashima, Y. and Matsuda, Y. and Widmann, E. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {50, title = {Antihydrogen atom formation in a CUSP trap towards spin polarized beams}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, volume = {212}, year = {2012}, pages = {31-40}, keywords = {Antihydrogen, Atomic beam, CPT invariance, Rydberg atom}, issn = {0304-3843}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-012-0646-z}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-012-0646-z}, author = {Kuroda, N. and Enomoto, Y. and Michishio, K. and Kim, C.H. and Higaki, H. and Nagata, Y. and Kanai, Y. and Torii, H.A. and Corradini, M. and Leali, M. and Lodi-Rizzini, E. and Venturelli, L. and Zurlo, N. and Fujii, K. and Ohtsuka, M. and Tanaka, K. and Imao, H. and Nagashima, Y. and Matsuda, Y. and Juhasz, B. and Widmann, E. and Mohri, A. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {23, title = {Development of a monoenergetic ultraslow antiproton beam source for high-precision investigation}, journal = {Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and BeamsPhys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams}, volume = {15}, year = {2012}, month = {2012/02/17/}, pages = {024702 -}, url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.15.024702}, author = {Kuroda, N. and Torii, H. A. and Nagata, Y. and Shibata, M. and Enomoto, Y. and Imao, H. and Kanai, Y. and Hori, M. and Saitoh, H. and Higaki, H. and Mohri, A. and Fujii, K. and Kim, C. H. and Matsuda, Y. and Michishio, K. and Nagashima, Y. and Ohtsuka, M. and Tanaka, K. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {22, title = {Synthesis of Cold Antihydrogen in a Cusp Trap}, journal = {Physical Review LettersPhys. Rev. Lett.}, volume = {105}, year = {2010}, month = {2010/12/07/}, pages = {243401 -}, url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.243401}, author = {Enomoto, Y. and Kuroda, N. and Michishio, K. and Kim, C. H. and Higaki, H. and Nagata, Y. and Kanai, Y. and Torii, H. A. and Corradini, M. and Leali, M. and Lodi-Rizzini, E. and Mascagna, V. and Venturelli, L. and Zurlo, N. and Fujii, K. and Ohtsuka, M. and Tanaka, K. and Imao, H. and Nagashima, Y. and Matsuda, Y. and Juhasz, B. and Mohri, A. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {29, title = {ASACUSA MUSASHI: New progress with intense ultra slow antiproton beam}, journal = {Hyperfine Interactions}, volume = {194}, year = {2009}, pages = {71-76}, keywords = {Antihydrogen, Antiproton, Positron}, issn = {0304-3843}, doi = {10.1007/s10751-009-0032-7}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-009-0032-7}, author = {Imao, H. and Tarek, M. and Michishio, K. and Enomoto, Y. and Shimoyama, T. and Kanai, Y. and Kuroda, N. and Mohri, A. and Higaki, H. and Saitoh, H. and Torii, H.A. and Nagata, Y. and Toyoda, H. and Matsuda, Y. and Nagashima, Y. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {14, title = {Confinement of a Large Number of Antiprotons and Production of an Ultraslow Antiproton Beam}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, volume = {94}, year = {2005}, month = {2005/01/18/}, pages = {023401 -}, url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.023401}, author = {Kuroda, N. and Torii, H. A. and Franzen, K. Yoshiki and Wang, Z. and Yoneda, S. and Inoue, M. and Hori, M. and Juhasz, B. and Horvath, D. and Higaki, H. and Mohri, A. and Eades, J. and Komaki, K. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {13, title = {Radial compression of protons and H_{3}^{+} ions in a multiring trap for the productionof ultralow energy antiproton beams}, journal = {Physical Review EPhys. Rev. E}, volume = {70}, year = {2004}, month = {2004/08/24/}, pages = {026501 -}, url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.70.026501}, author = {Higaki, H. and Kuroda, N. and Yoshiki Franzen, K. and Wang, Z. and Hori, M. and Mohri, A. and Komaki, K. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {12, title = {Transport beam line for ultraslow monoenergetic antiprotons}, journal = {Review of Scientific InstrumentsRev. Sci. Instrum.}, volume = {74}, year = {2003}, month = {2003/07/00/}, pages = {3305 - 3311}, keywords = {beam handling equipment, proton beams}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1578160}, author = {Yoshiki-Franzen, K. and Kuroda, N. and Torii, H. A. and Hori, M. and Wang, Z. and Higaki, H. and Yoneda, S. and Juhasz, B. and Horvath, D. and Mohri, A. and Komaki, K. and Yamazaki, Y.} } @article {11, title = {Electron cooling of high-energy protons in a multiring trap with a tank circuit monitoring the electron-plasma oscillations}, journal = {Physical Review EPhys. Rev. E}, volume = {65}, year = {2002}, month = {2002/04/02/}, pages = {046410 -}, url = {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.65.046410}, author = {Higaki, H. and Kuroda, N. and Ichioka, T. and Franzen, K. Yoshiki and Wang, Z. and Komaki, K. and Yamazaki, Y. and Hori, M. and Oshima, N. and Mohri, A.} }